Migraine headache pain is believed to be caused by what physiological change?

Migraine headache pain is primarily linked to the dilation of cranial blood vessels. This physiological change is thought to involve a complex interplay of neurological and vascular mechanisms. When the cranial vessels dilate, it can lead to increased blood flow to the brain, which may activate pain pathways and result in the intense throbbing pain characteristic of migraines. This dilation can also contribute to the phenomenon of increased sensitivity in the surrounding tissues, further exacerbating the discomfort associated with a migraine. Understanding this mechanism is vital for comprehending how various treatments that target vascular changes, such as triptans, can provide relief for those suffering from migraines.